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NSSAO plays key roles in safeguarding Korean people and assets against space hazards such as re-entry and collision of space objects by operating OWL-Net (Optical Wide-field Patrol Network) and other sensors, analyzing acquired space information, and proposing national plans.

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OWL-Net is an optical space surveillance network composed of five robotic observatories located in Mongolia, Morocco, Israel, the United States, and South Korea, respectively. Its main objectives are to observe Korean LEO (Low Earth Orbit) satellites and space debris and to survey the GEO (Geostationary Earth Orbit) belt over the Korean peninsula.

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KASI has developed two Satellite Laser Ranging(SLR) systems, Sejong and Geochang. The Sejong station has been a member of the International Laser Ranging Service (ILRS) tracking network since 2015, as well as the core station of the Global Geodetic Observation System (GGOS) since 2017. The Geochang station has contributed to the ILRS tracking network and supported Korean space missions since 2018. They adopted one of the most accurate ranging techniques for satellites and space debris.

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If it is expected that dangerous space objects are going to crash in Korea within 72 hours, NSSAO would detect, analyze, and classify space objects to assess space risks and predict their paths. The results are reported to the relevant authorities and alerted to people until the risk situation (crashes, collisions, impacts, etc.) is resolved.

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